First author, ref | Body composition measurement method | Diet prescription method | Diet | Dietary intake | Energy Intake Intent | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kcal/d | CHO % (g/kg) | FAT % (g/kg) | PRO % (g/kg) | |||||
Crossover Study Design | ||||||||
 Greene et al. [22], | DXA | Counseling and education materials | KD CON | 2072 2058 | 8 (0.5) 45 (2.9) | 69 (2.0) 33 (1.0) | 23 (1.5) 22 (1.5) | Balance |
 Heatherly et al. [24], L | BIA | Education materials | KD CON | 1885a 2769a | 6a(0.3) 45a(3.9) | 64a(1.6) 39a(1.5) | 28a (1.6) 16a(1.6) | Balance |
 Nazaraweicz et al. [25],L | BIA | Education materials | KD CON | NR NR | 13 NR | 74 NR | 13 NR | Deficit |
 Prins et al. [23], | BIA | Counseling and education materials | KD CON | 2947 2837 | 6 (0.6) 56 (5.1) | 69 (3.2) 28 (1.3) | 25 (2.6) 16 (1.7) | Balance |
Parallel Study Design | ||||||||
 Dostal et al. [26], | BIA | Counseling and education materials | KD CON | 1962 1783 | 8 (0.6) 45 (2.7) | 69 (2.2) 34 (0.9) | 23 (1.7) 18 (1.1) | Balance |
 Gregory et al. [30], | DXA | Education materials | KD CON | 1580 1746 | 11a(0.5) 43a(2.3) | 65a(1.3) 38a(1.2) | 23a(1.2) 19a(1.2) | Balance |
 Kephart et al. [28], | DXA | Education materials | KD CON | 1948 NR | 3a(0.2) NR | 79a(2.0) NR | 18a(1.1) NR | Balance |
 LaFountain et al. [29], | DXA | Counseling | KD CON | NR NR | NR NR | NR NR | NR NR | Balance |
 McSwiney et al. [16], | DXA | Counseling and education materials | KD CON | 3022 2644 | 6a(0.5) 65a(5.6) | 77a(3.0) 20a(0.8) | 17a(1.5) 15a(1.3) | Balance |
 Paoli et al. [31], | BIA | Counseling | KD CON | 3443 3529 | 5 (0.5) 55 (5.5) | 68 (3.0) 20 (0.9) | 27 (2.7) 25 (2.5) | Balance |
 Vargas et al. [15], | DXA | Controlled feeding | KD CON | NR NR | 10 55 | 70 25 | 20 20 | Excess |
 Vargas-Molina et al. [27], | DXA | Counseling | KD CON | 1710 1980 | 9 (0.7) 57 (4.5) | 64 (2.0) 23 (0.8) | 27 (1.9) 20 (1.6) | Balance |
 Wilson et al. [11], | DXA | Counseling | KD CON | 2609 2550 | 5a(0.4) 50a(4.1) | 75a(2.7) 29a(1.0) | 20a(1.6) 21a(1.7) | Balance |