Fig. 3

Time required to achieve target dehydration indicated by a 3% body mass loss. a Bar graph representation of the time required to reach a loss of body mass that was at least 3% of starting body mass in the Deep, Sports and Spring groups for Females and Males. A repeated measures two-way ANOVA indicated no significant differences in Time to 3% Body Mass Loss among the experimental groups but did find a significant effect of sex (p < 0.0125). b Averaged values across experimental groups for Time to 3% Body Mass Loss in Females and Males. (*p < 0.034; Females vs. Males). c Averaged values across experimental groups for Sweat Rate (ml/min; total volume lost in ml over total time to 3% body mass loss;) in Females and Males. (*p < 0.0083; Females vs. Males). Two-way ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Data presented as mean ± S.D